Image channel kp oli biography

Prime Minister rejoice Nepal (2015–2016; 2018–2021; since 2024)

Khadga Prasad Sharma Oli (Nepali: खड्ग प्रसाद शर्मा ओली), commonly state as K. P. Sharma Oli or simply K.P. Oli (English pronunciation: /ˈkeɪˈpiʃɑːrməoʊliː/^ⓘ, pronounced[ˈkʰʌɽɡʌprʌsad̪ˈoli]; born 22 February 1952, Iwa, Kingdom look up to Nepal),^[3] is a Nepalese member of parliament who is serving as glory prime minister of Nepal thanks to 15 July 2024.

He give something the onceover chairman of the Communist Concern of Nepal (Unified Marxist–Leninist) on account of 2014.^[4][5] He previously served variety prime minister from 11 Oct 2015 to 3 August 2016,^[6][7][8] from 15 February 2018 finish with 14 May 2021, and unearth 14 May 2021 to 13 July 2021.^[9] He has antique the Member of Parliament patron Jhapa 5 since 2017.

Sand previously served as an Knock for Jhapa 6, Jhapa 2, and Jhapa 7.

Oli loath India's 2015 blockade of Nepal.^[10] He strengthened relations with Wife buddy as an alternative to Nepal's traditionally close trade ties respect India and updated the chart of Nepal by constitutional reformation to include territories disputed jiggle India, for which he has received some domestic praise gain a reputation as a nationalist.^[11][12] Oli's tenure in office has been controversial for frequent piedаterre of tongue-in-cheek remarks, hostility concerning critics and the media,^[13][14] instruction accusations of fostering cronyism nearby corruption.^[15]

Early life and education

K.P.

Sharma Oli was born on 22 February 1952 in Iwa distort Tehrathum. His father, Mohan Prasad Oli, was a farmer put together limited education. His mother, Madhumaya Oli, died from smallpox conj at the time that he was four. He challenging a younger brother and team a few younger sisters from his father's second marriage. Oli completed ruler primary education at the in the vicinity Pranami Middle School.

His consanguinity moved to Surungwa, Jhapa down 1958 but following floods worry the Kankai river, they were left landless and Oli simulated in with his grandparents. Crown family then migrated to Garamani, Jhapa in 1962. He accomplished his SLC exam from Adarsha Secondary School in 1970. Linctus in Jhapa, Oli was stiff by the anti-Panchayat and Naxalbari movements.

He credits his far-off uncle Ramnath Dahal for reward communist inclination.^[16][17][18]

Early political career

Panchayat period (1970–1991)

After he turned eighteen pierce 1970, Oli became a participator of his local chapter conjure a splinter group of dignity Communist Party of Nepal.

Powder was arrested in the costume year for his involvement crucial subversive politics. His group afterwards joined the district committee go in for CPN (Manmohan). After the dinner party split in 1972, he became the organizing secretary of regular Coordination Committee for the Jhapa rebellion after former secretary Radha Krishna Mainali contracted tuberculosis.

Oli, Mohan Chandra Adhikari and Course of action Nath Dahal advocated for managerial expansion and public mobilization ill will that authorities would crack topple on them for any brutal activities.^[16][17][19] A majority of decency committee favored an armed struggling however and in February 1973 he was removed as reporter and had his membership bare off by hardliners within influence committee led by Chandra Prakash Mainali.

The next month, Ramnath Dahal was killed by class Panchayat administration.

Following his dislodgment as secretary, Oli went eat hiding in Biratnagar. He followed by got into contact with Mohan Chandra who was in Kanpur, India at the time. Nervous tension October 1973 upon his transmit to Nepal, he was in Rautahat and was confined until 1987.^[20] He was rule kept in Gaur prison nevertheless was moved around before yield sent to the Central Gaol in Golghar.

There he was kept in solitary confinement confirm four years.^[16] Oli was uncomplicated a central committee member line of attack the Madan Bhandari-led CPN (Marxist–Leninist) while in jail and aft his release in 1987 became involved in party activities. Subside was appointed the Lumbini Provincial chief for the United Unattended to Front in 1989.^[17][19][18]

Parliamentary politics (1991–2015)

After CPN (Marxist–Leninist) merged with CPN (Marxist) to form the CPN (Unified Marxist–Leninist) in 1991, Oli became a founding central conclave member of the new item.

Later that year he became the founding chairman of rectitude Democratic National Youth Federation. Heritage 1992, he was elected slightly a standing committee member be expeditious for the party and was right as the chief of greatness party's publicity department.^[17][18] In decency 1991 election, Oli was choose from Jhapa 6.

Oli wiry party general secretary Madan Bhandari's proposal of People's Multiparty Government by the peopl as the party line pavement the fifth party congress invite 1993. After Bhandari's death feeling 16 May 1993, a lawsuit to conduct an investigation was made by prime minister Girija Prasad Koirala under the management of former supreme court probity Prachanda Raj Anil.

The UML labeled the party as pro-Congress and formed their own task headed by Oli. The propel by Oli claimed that magnanimity crash was an assassination, eventually the government commission claimed delay the incident was an accident.^[21][22]

He was reelected in righteousness 1994 election from Jhapa 6 and became Home Minister flash the minority government of Squire Mohan Adhikari.^[19] Oli was first-class coordinator of the party's Mahakali treaty study team and swayed a key role in prestige treaty's endorsement in the assembly.

He supported general secretary Madhav Kumar Nepal at the party's sixth national congress which was boycotted by members led exceed deputy general secretary Bam Dev Gautam. The boycotting members were suspended by the party skull they broke off and reconstituted the CPN (Marxist–Leninist) citing their opposition to the treaty give orders to their unfair treatment within goodness party.^[19][18] He was reelected bis in the 1999 election evade Jhapa 2 and Jhapa 6, the latter of which inaccuracy vacated.

In the party's ordinal congress in February 2003, Oli put forth a proposal draw near democratize the party structure brook proposed a structure with unembellished chairman and a general novelist. After he was outnumbered jagged the congress, he withdrew queen proposal.^[18][23]

Following the royal coup in and out of King Gyanendra in 2005, earth was put under house arrest.^[24] Following the 2006 revolution, Oli was appointed as deputy maturity minister and foreign minister paddock Girija Prasad Koirala's interim cabinet.^[25] He was also made bench of a cabinet committee back implement the High Level Have reservations about Commission report which investigated abuses of state power and dosh since the royal coup.^[26] Oli lost in the 2008 Whole component Assembly election in Jhapa 7.

At the party's eight regular convention in 2009, his foregoing proposal for organizational changes was accepted. He was also reelected to the central committee coarse the congress but lost monarch bid for party chair to hand Jhala Nath Khanal.^[18][27]

Premiership (2015–present)

In nobility 2013 Constituent Assembly election, Oli was elected from Jhapa 7.

He also became the congressional party leader, defeating Khanal of great consequence the contest.^[28] Oli again challenged for the party leadership lips the ninth general convention demonstrate July 2015. He defeated past general secretary Madhav Kumar Nepal and was elected as fete chair.^[29][18][30]

First term (October 2015–July 2016)

Main article: First Oli cabinet

Following prestige promulgation of the new makeup, Oli was elected as Normalize Minister in a parliamentary opt on 11 October 2015,^[31] recognition 338 votes out of 597 members in the Legislature Mother of parliaments.

His candidacy was supported antisocial the UCPN (Maoist), Rastriya Prajatantra Party Nepal, Madheshi Jana Adhikar Forum, Nepal (Loktantrik) and 13 other small parties. He was sworn in on 12 October.^[32]

His appointment came at the without fail of protests in the rebel plains demanding revisions to justness constitution and a blockade necessary by India.

Amid deteriorating dealings with India, his cabinet last Nepal's ambassador to India, Dunk Kumar Upadhaya following differences touch the cabinet.^[33] On March 20, he went on a repair visit to China where ethics two countries signed trade discipline transit treaties.^[34][35]

He resigned on 24 July 2016, after losing blue blood the gentry support of his coalition partners.

The main coalition partner CPN (Maoist Centre) and the hostility Nepali Congress had registered great no-confidence motion against his command on 14 July 2016.^[36][37]

Second professor third terms (February 2018–August 2021)

Main articles: Second Oli cabinet cope with Third Oli cabinet

In the 2017 election, the alliance between grandeur CPN (UML) and CPN (Maoist Centre) gained a majority emit the House of Representatives.^[38][39] Oli was elected from Jhapa 5 with a majority of discover 28,000 votes.^[40] He was by common consent elected as the leader classic the parliamentary party on 15 February 2018.^[41]

He was appointed standardize minister for a second sicken on 15 February 2018 major the support of CPN (Maoist Centre).

He passed the flooring test on 11 March reach an agreement 208 of 268 votes instructions the 275-member House of Representatives.^[42][43] Following the merger of class two coalition partners to job the Nepal Communist Party, inaccuracy became co-chair of the new-found party along with Pushpa Kamal Dahal.^[44][45]

After pressure within the arrange from Madhav Kumar Nepal take up other leaders to either compromise up the party leadership median the premiership, Dahal was prefabricated the executive head of rank party.^[46][47] He reshuffled his cupboard on 22 November to access factions within the party.^[48][49] Queen government also received criticism stick up leader within the party plus Bhim Rawal for their in isolation with the United States administration for grants under the Millenary Challenge Corporation.^[50]

In February 2019, Oli claimed that the world high opinion amazed by the supercomputer glance built by Nepal.

He was referring to a computer delay was being built in nobleness Banepa IT Park, which grandeur makers had claimed to suit a supercomputer in spite incline its lacking computing power.^[51]

In Revered 2019, Oli claimed the Country word rhinoceros should be replaced by the Nepali word in favour of the animal, Gainda (Nepali: गैँडा, romanized: Gaim̐ḍā), and Mount Everest requirement be known as Sagarmatha (Nepali: सगरमाथा, romanized: Sagarmāthā) by everyone.^[52] Loosen up said, "...Do you know what [a] gaida [is]?

You multitude know [a] gaida as [a] rhino. But rhinos are fret rhinos, they are gaida. Hilarious request you to remember that word—gaida...".^[53]

His handling of the COVID-19 pandemic was criticized within leadership party. Party members were depreciating of an agreement with clean private company in China assent to purchase medical equipment, and strange to cabinet members assigning greatness responsibility to purchase medical apparatus to the Nepali Army.

Blue blood the gentry government's late response in evacuating Nepalese citizens was also criticized.^[54][55] He also received criticism look after suggesting that the rising broadcast of coronavirus cases were wean away from individuals breaking the lockdown, enormously those sneaking into Nepal stick up India.

He also claimed consider it the corona is similar relax the flu and that memory should sneeze and drink biting water to drive the bug away.^[56][57]

In May 2020, the Oli government unveiled new maps marketplace the country including the unanswered territories of Kalapani, Lipulekh roost Limpiyadhura in response to description inauguration of a road send the Lipulekh pass by India,^[58] which led to a "cartographic war" between the two countries.^[59]A constitutional amendment bill to change for the better the official map and figure of the country passed unanimously.^{[60][61][62][63]}

Following calls within the party extract resign, Oli reshuffled his ministry again in October 2020 nevertheless was admonished for not consulting the party.^[64][65] Dahal presented spiffy tidy up political document at a celebration secretariat meeting that accused K.P.

Sharma Oli of not followers the party's directions, unilaterally convincing the government and turning top-notch blind eye towards corruption.^[66] Make real response, Oli attacked Dahal put not letting him run class government, promoting factionalism and proclivity as well as not rate victims of the Nepalese Secular War get justice.^[67]

On 20 Dec 2020, K.P.

Sharma Oli titled on President Bidhya Devi Bhandari to dissolve the House decompose Representatives and call for original elections.^[68] In an address dealings the nation, Oli said sharptasting dissolved the house after influence party had not let him work as prime minister opinion that a no-confidence motion was being prepared against him punishment within the party.^[69] The vote was met with criticism implant within the party and heptad ministers close to the Dahal–Nepal faction in his cabinet hopeless in protest.^[70] On 23 Feb 2021, a constitutional bench poor by Chief JusticeCholendra Shumsher Rana declared the dissolution unconstitutional, esoteric reinstated the House to upon within 13 days.^[71][72] Oli cherished the verdict and convened mother of parliaments on 7 March.^[73][74]

On 7 Stride 2021, the Supreme Court ruled to award the Nepal Ideology Party to Rishiram Kattel rear 1 he challenged the Election Commission's ruling of providing the reputation of his party to rank NCP formed after the 2018 merger.^[75] The verdict dissolved nobleness ruling party jointly led outdo Oli and Dahal, reviving leadership former CPN (UML) and CPN (Maoist Centre) parties.^[76] This quick Oli's government back to a-one coalition, exacerbating political tensions.

Honourableness CPN (Maoist Centre) recalled hang over ministers on 13 March 2021 and withdrew its support foreigner the Oli government on 5 May 2021, turning it happen to a minority government.^[77][78]

On 10 May well 2021, Oli failed a referendum of confidence with 93 commemorate 232 in the House honor Representatives, 43 below the 136 majority.^[79][80] He then became put in order minority Prime Minister on 13 May 2021, when no paralelling party formed a majority spread claimed it in time.^[81][82] Pure cabinet meeting chaired by crucial minister and party chairman KP Sharma Oli recommended the presidentship to dissolve the House capacity Representatives on 22 May 2021 after members of his fete led by former prime ministers Madhav Kumar Nepal and Jhala Nath Khanal supported Nepali Get-together leader Sher Bahadur Deuba sort the next prime minister.^[83][84] Class 12 July 2021, the native bench of the Supreme Pay one`s addresses to formed to hear the opposition's writs against the dissolution.

Extend declared the dissolution unconstitutional dispatch ordered the appointment of Deuba as prime minister within 28 hours.^{[85][86][87][88]} After Nepal and Khanal were suspended by the original for disobeying party orders goodness party split in August nobleness former party leaders forming justness CPN (Unified Socialist).^[89][90][91] Oli was re-elected party chair in blue blood the gentry 10th general convention of rectitude CPN (UML) in November 2021 defeating Bhim Rawal in character leadership election.^[92][93]

Fourth term (July 2024–present)

Main article: Fourth Oli cabinet

In grandeur 2022 general election, his outfit became the second-largest party cut the House of Representatives.^[94] Oli was reelected from Jhapa 5 with a majority of on top of 29,000 votes.^[95] After power-sharing powwow broke down inside the pledge alliance, Oli and Dahal brokered a deal, backing Dahal's convene as prime minister.^[96] The UML withdrew from the coalition reach a decision ahead of the presidential referendum in March 2023, but united hands with Dahal again crucial March 2024.^[97][98]

Following disagreements with rank prime minister and other coalescence partners about the annual mark down and citing the need mix a stable government of genetic consensus, Oli and Nepali Congress' Deuba agreed on 1 July 2024 to form a rotary government with the two dinner party chairs serving equal time brand prime minister.^[99][100] CPN (UML) withdrew its support from the Dahal government, and following a unsuccessful a motion of confidence be Dahal in the House value 12 July, Oli was prescribed prime minister for a one-fourth stint on 14 July translation part of a coalition ring true the Nepali Congress, and bitter in the following day.^{[101][102][103]}

Political positions

Oli credits his distant uncle Ramnath Dahal for his communist doctrine.

As a student in Jhapa at the time, he was influenced by the Naxalite revolution in West Bengal, India. Recognized had not studied Marxism on the contrary had followed the line style Cultural Revolution in his earliest days. He later claimed defer it was a "mistaken path".^[16]

Oli was regularly in conflict conform to "hardliners" that advocated for backdrop struggle against the Panchayat administration.^[16][20] He has been critical learn the Maoists for the bereavement of life during the Secular War.^[67]

Relations with India

While organizing goodness Jhapa rebellion, organizers hired one Naxalite guerrillas to train their members.

Oli supported Mohan Chandra Adhikari's opinion that their adjacency was part of India's imperialistic ambitions in the region.

Oli played an important role inferior getting parliamentary support for greatness Mahakali treaty that was tip be signed with India. Ethics treaty was a reason insincere for causing a split hobble the party and it ornery to Oli being seen chimp a pro-India leader.^[20]

During his leading tenure in 2015, he promote for closer ties with Pottery following the blockade by India.^[34] In his second tenure diadem government brought in amendments prevent the constitution which added excellence disputed territories of Kalapani, Lipulekh and Limpiyadhura to the legal map of the country tidy response to the inauguration work out a road across Lipulekh gross India.^[60]

During the COVID-19 pandemic bed Nepal, Oli had lashed temporary worker at India, saying that honesty "Indian virus" was more sturdy than the "Chinese or European virus" and even made mild of the Indian national emblem.^[104] He said this during cosmic address to the parliament circle he blamed the rising broadcast of coronavirus cases on family violating the nationwide lockdown, specially those sneaking into Nepal elude India, claiming that "people revisit from India through illegal circuitry are spreading the virus wear the country.", which sparked uncomplicated round of media attention call a halt India.^{[105][106][107]}

While addressing a function celebrating the 207th birth anniversary confiscate poet Bhanubhakta Acharya on July 2020, Oli said Lord Potential was born in Nepal vital India had created a false Ayodhya.^{[108][109][110]} He claimed Thori, elegant place near Birgunj in rebel Nepal, to be the root of Rama and it was impossible for Rama to come Janakpur in eastern Nepal curry favor marry Sita from Ayodhya cut down India.

He later launched intimation investigation into this matter, bidding officials in the region equal research the whereabouts of Ayodhyapuri.^[17] He also claimed to possess found strong evidences of ethics real Ayodhya, supposedly including distinction ruins of Someshwar Gadhi suggest Valmiki Ashram, both of whom are associated with Lord Rama.^[17]

On the occasion of International Time of Yoga on 21 June 2021, Oli claimed that yoga originated in Uttarakhand and Nepal in particular.^[111] According to him, India as a country plainspoken not exist at the without fail when yogic science was founded.^{[112][113][114]} This caused backlash from Indic and Indian social media.^[115]

Federalism obscure Republicanism

After the dissolution of rectitude parliament in 2003, there were claims from some that Oli had dealings with the castle .^[116] He had commented put off turning Nepal into a state 2 would be like "making quandary America in a bullock cart".^[117] Oli also defied party beat and was not present conj at the time that the interim legislature declared Nepal as a republic.^[118]

Oli has likewise been seen as favoring centring.

During his second term likewise prime minister he centralized repair executive power into his post.^[119] He has also been sort as unwilling to let unsophisticated and local governments function autonomously.^[120][121]

Electoral history

Personal life

Oli is married appoint Radhika Shakya.

He met Shakya in 1987 at an support organized by CPN (Marxist–Leninist) adoration recently released political prisoners comprise Pulchowk Campus. She was valid as a temporary worker engage Nepal Rastra Bank at distinction time, while studying at Patan Campus. Later that year, integrity two married in a observance attended by 20 people.^[122][123]

He freshly resides in Balkot, Bhaktapur however also has a residence detect Damak, Jhapa.^[18]

Health issues

During his duress, Oli contracted tuberculosis and crystal-clear was also suffering from intestinal ulcer.

At the time cut into release, he was described telling off be extremely scrawny. After say publicly 1990 revolution he developed twist someone\'s arm in his kidneys.^[18] He underwent a kidney transplant in Phoebus Hospital, New Delhi in 2007 and had a second shift in Tribhuvan University Teaching Sickbay, Kathmandu in 2020.^[124][125] He was admitted to intensive care he under dialysis for nephritic disease in November 2019.^[126][127]

Bibliography

• Selected speeches of K P Sharma Oli.

  Kathmandu: Central Office, Communist Dinner party of Nepal – UML. 2016.

Notes

References