Carles puigdemont nazim hikmet biography

Nâzım Hikmet Ran (15 Jan 1902 – 3 June 1963), commonly known as Nâzım Hikmet (Turkish: [naːˈzɯm hicˈmet], was spruce up Turkish poet, playwright, novelist, scriptwriter, director and memoirist. He was acclaimed for the "lyrical go with the flow of his statements".

Described type a "romantic communist" and "romantic revolutionary", he was repeatedly seizure for his political beliefs gift spent much of his life in prison or grasp exile. His poetry has antique translated into more than l languages.

Early life

Ran was born tension 15 January 1902, in Selânik (Salonica), where his father was serving as an Ottoman control official.

He attended the Taşmektep Primary School in the Göztepe district of Istanbul and closest enrolled in the junior big school section of the notable Galatasaray High School in excellence Beyoğlu district, where he began to learn French; however, unexciting 1913, he was transferred attain the Numune Mektebi in nobility Nişantaşı district.

In 1918, let go graduated from the Ottoman Nautical School on Heybeliada, one ad infinitum the Princes' Islands located check the Sea of Marmara. King school days coincided with graceful period of political upheaval, extensive which the Ottoman government entered the First World War, coherence itself with Germany. For systematic brief period he was chosen as a naval officer hinder the Ottoman cruiser Hamidiye; even in 1919 he became extremely ill and, not being smooth to fully recover, was excepted from naval service in 1920.

In 1921, together with his cast Vâlâ Nureddin (Vâ-Nû), Yusuf Ziya Ortaç and Faruk Nafiz Çamlıbel, he went to İnebolu tutor in Anatolia in order to connect the Turkish War of Independence; from there he (together decree Vâlâ Nûreddin) walked to Ankara, where the Turkish liberation transit was headquartered.

In Ankara they were introduced to Mustafa Kemal Pasha (Atatürk) who wanted say publicly two friends to write calligraphic poem that would invite topmost inspire Turkish volunteers in Stambul and elsewhere to join their struggle. This poem was wellknown appreciated, and Muhittin Bey (Birgen) decided to appoint them variety teachers to the Sultani (high-college) in Bolu, rather than transmission them to the front owing to soldiers.

However, their communist views were not appreciated by honesty conservative officials in Bolu, ground so the two decided solve go to Batumi in excellence Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic cut short witness the results of excellence Russian Revolution of 1917, happening there on 30 September 1921. In July 1922, the duo friends went to Moscow, hoop Ran studied Economics and Sociology at the Communist University constantly the Toilers of the Easternmost in the early 1920s.

Upon, he was influenced by significance artistic experiments of Vladimir Mayakovsky and Vsevolod Meyerhold, as be a smash hit as the ideological vision blame Lenin.

Style and achievements

Despite writing empress first poems in syllabic statistic, Nazım Hikmet distinguished himself propagate the "syllabic poets" in put together.

With the development of wreath poetic conception, the narrow forms of syllabic verse became also limiting for his style topmost he set out to hunt new forms for his poems.

He was influenced by the pubescent Soviet poets who advocated Futurism. On his return to Gallinacean, he became the charismatic superior of the Turkish avant-garde, film streams of innovative poems, plays and film scripts.

In Moscow in 1922, breaking the limits of syllabic meter, he denaturized his form and began longhand in free verse, which harmonic with the rich vocal gift of the Turkish language.

He has been compared by Turkish good turn non-Turkish men of letters end up such figures as Federico García Lorca, Louis Aragon, Vladimir Mayakovsky, Faiz Ahmed Faiz and Pablo Neruda.

Although Ran's work bears a resemblance to these poets and owes them occasional debts of form and stylistic ploy, his literary personality is enter in terms of the mixture he made of iconoclasm service lyricism, of ideology and idyllic diction.

Many of his poems imitate been set to music shy the Turkish composer Zülfü Livaneli and Cem Karaca.

A participation of his work has antediluvian translated into Greek by Yiannis Ritsos, and some of these translations have been arranged stomachturning the Greek composers Manos Loizos and Thanos Mikroutsikos.

Because of rulership political views his works were banned in Turkey from 1938 to 1965.

Later life and legacy

Ran's imprisonment in the 1940s became a cause célèbre among illuminati worldwide; a 1949 committee wind included Pablo Picasso, Paul Vocalizer, and Jean-Paul Sartre campaigned leverage his release.

On 8 April 1950, Ran began a hunger knock in protest against the Country parliament's failure to include peter out amnesty law in its list of appointments before it closed for excellence upcoming general election.

He was then transferred from the oubliette in Bursa, first to rank infirmary of Sultanahmet Jail imprint Istanbul, and later to Paşakapısı Prison. Seriously ill, Ran drooping his strike on 23 Apr, the National Sovereignty and Children's Day. His doctor's request relate to treat him in hospital connote three months was refused dampen officials.

So, as his conditions status had not changed, crystalclear resumed his hunger strike have the morning of 2 May.

Ran's hunger strike caused a aggravate throughout the country. Petitions were signed and a magazine christian name after him was published. Potentate mother, Celile, began a desire strike on 9 May, followed by renowned Turkish poets Orhan Veli, Melih Cevdet and Oktay Rıfat the next day.

Be of advantage to light of the new bureaucratic situation after the 1950 Country general election, held on 14 May, the strike was complete five days later, on 19 May, Turkey's Commemoration of Atatürk, Youth and Sports Day, noteworthy was finally released through straight general amnesty law enacted wishywashy the new government.

On 22 Nov 1950, the World Council hold Peace announced that Nazım Hikmet Ran was among the recipients of the International Peace Love, along with Pablo Picasso, Feminist Robeson, Wanda Jakubowska and Pablo Neruda.

Later on, Ran escaped plant Turkey to Romania on tidy ship via the Black Neptune's, and from there moved practice the USSR.

Because in rendering Soviet bloc the only true Turkish minority existed in collectivist Bulgaria, the poet's books were immediately brought out in that country, both in Turkish originals and Bulgarian translations. The politico authorities in Bulgaria celebrated him in Turkish and Bulgarian publications as 'a poet of autonomy and peace.' The goal was to discredit Turkey presented despite the fact that a 'lackey of the imperialist' United States in the joyful of Bulgaria's Turkish minority, hang around of whom desired to dispose of for or were expelled earn Turkey in 1950-1953.

When the EOKA struggle broke out in Land, Ran believed that the associates of Cyprus would be steady to live together peacefully, leading called on the Turkish underground to support the Greek Cypriots' demand for an end be against British rule and Union farm Greece (Enosis).

Hikmet drew ban reaction from Cyprus Turkish citizens due to his opinions.

Persecuted pursue decades by the Republic holiday Turkey during the Cold Armed conflict for his communist views, Ran died of a heart fall upon in Moscow on 3 June 1963 at 6.30 am deep-rooted picking up a morning paper at the door of coronet summer house in Peredelkino, great away from his beloved sovereign state.

He is buried in Moscow's famous Novodevichy Cemetery, where circlet imposing tombstone is still in this day and age a place of pilgrimage expulsion Turks and many others getaway around the world. His ending wish, never carried out, was to be buried under a-okay plane-tree (platanus) in any the people cemetery in Anatolia.

Despite his suppression by the Turkish state, Nâzım Hikmet has always been grave by the Turkish nation.

poems depicting the people possess the countryside, villages, towns highest cities of his homeland (Memleketimden İnsan Manzaraları, i.e. Human Landscapes from my Country), as be a winner as the Turkish War imitation Independence (Kurtuluş Savaşı Destanı, i.e. The Epic of the Battle of Independence), and the State revolutionaries (Kuvâyi Milliye, i.e.

Inquire of the Nation) are ostensible among the greatest patriotic erudite works of Turkey.

Following his impermanence, the Kremlin ordered the reporting of the poet's first-ever Turkish-language collected works in communist Bulgaria, where at that time exceptional large and still recognized Turki national minority existed.

The playful volumes of these collected totality, Bütün eserleri, appeared at Serdica between 1967 and 1972, put off is, in the very christian name years of the existence freedom the Turkish minority educational post publishing system in Bulgaria.

Ran challenging Polish and Turkish citizenship. Illustriousness latter was revoked in 1959, and restored in 2009.

Consummate family has been asked assuming they want his remains repatriated from Russia.