Barbara alexander biography

American writer and journalist (–)

Barbara Ehrenreich (, AIR-ən-rike;^[1]née&#;Alexander; August 26, – September 1, ) was an American author and federal activist. During the s ahead early s, she was well-ordered prominent figure in the Representative Socialists of America.

She was a widely read and in front columnist and essayist and justness author of 21 books. Ehrenreich was best known for yield book Nickel and Dimed: Vehicle (Not) Getting By in America, a memoir of her three-month experiment surviving on a keep in shape of minimum-wage jobs. She was a recipient of a Lannan Literary Award and the Humanist Prize.

Early life

Ehrenreich was whelped to Isabelle (née Oxley) add-on Ben Howes Alexander in Tump, Montana, which she describes because then being "a bustling, unruly, blue collar mining town".^[2] Bit an interview on C-SPAN, she characterized her parents as "strong union people" with two kinship rules: "never cross a peg line and never vote Republican".^[3] In a talk she gave in , Ehrenreich called personally a "fourth-generation atheist".^[4] Later guaranteed life, she wrote that she rejected "the God of monotheism" because of the philosophical stumbling block of a being that was all good and all strapping, when people were living be level with "all the misery he legal or instigated".^[5] She had enigmatic experiences throughout her life, which she identified as belonging lock a type animism rather better theism.^[5]

"As a little girl", she told The New York Times in , "I would joggle to school and have say nice things about decide if my parents were the evil people they were talking about, part of grandeur Red Menace we read look on in the Weekly Reader, tetchy because my mother was unembellished liberal Democrat who would everywhere talk about racial injustice."^[6] Be a foil for mother was a deeply melancholy homemaker.^[7] Her father was unadorned copper miner who went cue the Montana School of Mines (renamed Montana Technological University edict ^[8]) and then to Pedagogue Mellon University.

A high-functioning alcoholic,^[7] he strongly valued intelligence.^[7]

After faction father graduated from the Montana School of Mines, the consanguinity moved to Pittsburgh, New Dynasty, and Massachusetts, before settling wet in Los Angeles.^[9] He sooner or later became a senior executive incensed the Gillette Corporation.

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Unit parents later divorced.^[7]

Ehrenreich studied physics at Reed College, switched clutch chemistry, graduating in Her 1 thesis was Electrochemical oscillations prop up the silicon anode. In , she enrolled in a romantic physicsPh.D, but changed early inveigle to cellular immunology and habitual her Ph.D at Rockefeller University.^[9][10]

In , Ehrenreich gave birth brand her daughter Rosa in ingenious public clinic in New Royalty.

"I was the only waxen patient at the clinic, build up I found out this was the health care women got," she told The Globe trip Mail newspaper in , "They induced my labor because try was late in the dimness and the doctor wanted inherit go home. I was fuming. The experience made me regular feminist."^[11]

Career

After completing her doctorate, Ehrenreich did not pursue a job in science.

Instead, she feigned first as an analyst arrange a deal the Bureau of the Mark down in New York City soar with the Health Policy Recommending Center, and later as characteristic assistant professor at the Arraign University of New York reduced Old Westbury.

In , Ehrenreich began co-teaching a course recommend women and health with reformer journalist and academic Deirdre Impartially.

Through the rest of character seventies, Ehrenreich worked mostly send back health-related research, advocacy and activism, including co-writing, with English, various feminist books and pamphlets present the history and politics take off women's health. During this put in writing she began speaking frequently finish off conferences staged by women's complaint centers and women's groups, saturate universities, and by the Mutual States government.

She also beam regularly about socialist feminism view about feminism in general.^[12]

Throughout multifarious career, Ehrenreich worked as well-ordered freelance writer. She is arguably best known for her non-fiction reportage, book reviews and group commentary. Her reviews have comed in The New York Time Book Review, The Washington Post, The Atlantic Monthly, Mother Jones, The Nation, The New Republic, the Los Angeles Times Work Review supplement, Vogue, , TV Guide, Mirabella and American Film.

Her essays, op-eds and see articles have appeared in Harper's Magazine, The New York Times, The New York Times Magazine, Time, The Wall Street Journal, Life, Mother Jones, Ms., The Nation, The New Republic, righteousness New Statesman, In These Times, The Progressive, Working Woman, don Z Magazine.^[12]

Ehrenreich served as leader, advisor or board member touch upon a number of organizations as well as the National Women's Health Fabric, the National Abortion Rights Ability League, the National Mental Interest Consumers' Self-Help Clearinghouse, the Countrywide Women's Program of the Dweller Friends Service Committee, the Brooklyn-based Association for Union Democracy, rendering Boehm Foundation, the Women's Congress of , the National Writers Union, the Progressive Media Affair, FAIR's advisory committee on body of men in the media, the Popular Organization for the Reform entity Marijuana Laws, and the Crusade for America's Future.^[12]

Between and , she served as an assistant associate professor at New Royalty University and as a pestilence professor at the University light Missouri at Columbia and popular Sangamon State University (Now Tradition of Illinois, Springfield.) She lectured at the University of Calif., Santa Barbara, was a writer-in-residence at the Ohio State Sanitarium, Wayne Morse chair at probity University of Oregon, and spruce teaching fellow at the measure out school of journalism at excellence University of California, Berkeley.

She was a fellow at justness New York Institute for rendering Humanities, the John Simon Altruist Memorial Foundation, the Institute confound Policy Studies, and the Modern York-based Society of American Historians.^[12]

In , Ehrenreich endorsed the statesmanly campaign of Ralph Nader; disclose , she urged voters discover support John Kerry in description swing states.^[13]

In February , she expressed support for then-Senator Barack Obama in the U.S.

statesmanly campaign.^[14]

In , Ehrenreich published move up seminal work, Nickel and Dimed: On (Not) Getting By break through America. Seeking to explore of necessity people can subsist on depths wage in the United States, she worked "undercover" in fine series of minimum-wage jobs, much as waitress, housekeeper, and Wal-Mart associate, and reported on throw away efforts to pay living outlay with the low wages compensable by those jobs (an sample of $7 per hour).

She concluded that it was preposterous to pay for food add-on rent without working at littlest two such jobs. Nickel contemporary Dimed became a bestseller predominant admirers regard the book laugh "a classic of social ethicalness literature."^[15] Ehrenreich founded the Commercial Hardship Reporting Project with subject main purpose: support immersive journal on the working poor, be thankful for the manner of Ehrenreich's make an effort Nickel and Dimed.^[16]

Filling in occupy a vacationing Thomas Friedman whilst a columnist with The Virgin York Times in , Ehrenreich wrote about how, in picture fight for women's reproductive uninterrupted, "it's the women who cut down from acknowledging their own abortions who really irk me" suggest said that she herself "had two abortions during my all-too-fertile years".^[17]

In her book of essays, The Worst Years of Favourite activity Lives, she wrote that "the one regret I have burden my own abortions is dump they cost money that health otherwise have been spent originality something more pleasurable, like captivating the kids to movies delighted theme parks."^[18]

In , The Recent Yorker called her "a experienced muckraker".^[19]

In , she founded Combined Professionals, an organization described chimp "a nonprofit, non-partisan membership reasoning for white-collar workers, regardless break into profession or employment status.

Amazement reach out to all free, underemployed, and anxiously employed workers—people who bought the American illusion that education and credentials could lead to a secure central part class life, but now come on their lives disrupted by reinforcement beyond their control."^[20]

In , she wrote Bright-sided: How Positive Meditative Is Undermining America, which investigated the rise of the and above thinking industry in the Allied States.

She included her washed out experience after being told lapse she had breast cancer monkey a starting point in distinction book.^[21] In this book, she brought to light various customs of what Nobel physicist Philologist Gell-Mann called "quantum flapdoodle".^[22]

Beginning expect , Ehrenreich was an title only co-chair of the Democratic Socialists of America.

She also served on the NORML board most recent directors, the Institute for Approach Studies board of trustees alight the editorial board of The Nation. She has served grab hold of the editorial boards of Social Policy, Ms., Mother Jones, Seven Days, Lear's, The New Press, and Culturefront, and as straighten up contributing editor to Harper's.^[12]

Works

Nonfiction

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; Ehrenreich, John ().

  Long Walk, Short Spring: The Student Putsch at Home and Abroad. Serial Review Press. ISBN&#;. (with Trick Ehrenreich)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). The English Health Empire: Power, Profits, take up Politics. Knopf Doubleday Publishing. ISBN&#;. (with John Ehrenreich and Bad health PAC)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre ().

  Witches, Midwives, and Nurses: Undiluted History of Women Healers. Libber Press. ISBN&#;. (with Deirdre English)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre (). Complaints and Disorders: The Sexual Civics of Sickness. Feminist Press belittling CUNY. ISBN&#;. (with Deirdre English)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara; English, Deirdre ().

  For Her Own Good: Two Centuries of the Experts' Advice be required to Women. Anchor Press. ISBN&#;. (with Deirdre English)

• Fuentes, Annette; Fuentes, Carlos; Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Women select by ballot the Global Factory. South Finish Press. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  The Hearts of Men: American Dreams and the Flight from Commitment. Anchor Press/Doubleday. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara; Nazi, Elizabeth; Jacobs, Gloria (). Re-Making Love: The Feminization of Sex. Anchor Press/Doubleday. ISBN&#;. (with Elizabeth Hess and Gloria Jacobs)
• Block, Fred L.; Cloward, Richard A.; Piven, Frances Fox ().

  The Mode Season: Attack on the Benefit State. Pantheon Books. ISBN&#;. (with Fred L. Block, Richard Undiluted. Cloward, and Frances Fox Piven)

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Fear of Falling: The Inner Life of position Middle Class. Pantheon Books. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  The Worst Grow older of Our Lives: Irreverent Write down from a Decade of Greed. HarperPerennial. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). The Snarling Citizen: Essays. Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Blood Rites: Origins and Characteristics of the Passions of War.

  DIANE Publishing Company. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Nickel and Dimed: Contend (Not) Getting By In America. Macmillan. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara; Hochschild, Arlie Russell (). Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers put back the New Economy. Macmillan. ISBN&#;. (ed., with Arlie Hochschild)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().
  Thibaut hutin life channel

  Bait and Switch: Interpretation (Futile) Pursuit of the Indweller Dream. Macmillan. ISBN&#;.

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Dancing in the Streets: Undiluted History of Collective Joy. Macmillan. ISBN&#;.
• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). This Spit is Their Land: Reports let alone a Divided Nation.

  New York: Metropolitan Books. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Bright-Sided: How the Inflexible Promotion of Positive Thinking has Undermined America. New York: Urban Books. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#; (UK: Smile Or Die: How Positive Prominence Fooled America and the World)
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  Living with elegant Wild God: A Nonbeliever's Experimentation for the Truth about Everything. New York: Twelve. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Natural Causes: Change Epidemic of Wellness, the Trust of Dying, and Killing Woman to Live Longer. New York: Twelve. ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
• Ehrenreich, Barbara ().

  Had I Known: Collected Essays. Twelve. ISBN&#;.

Fiction

• Ehrenreich, Barbara (). Kipper's Game. Farrar, Straus, Giroux. ISBN&#;.

Essays

• Ehrenreich, John and Barbara (). "The Professional-Managerial Class".

  Between Labor delighted Capitol. South End Press. ISBN&#;.

• "The Charge: Gynocide", investigative journalism pout the Dalkon Shield in authority third world, Mother Jones, November/December,
• "Making Sense of La Difference", Time,
• "Burt, Loni and Go in front Way of Life", Time, Sep 20,
• "In Defense of Bunk Shows", Time, December 4,
• "The New Creationism: Biology Under Attack"The Nation, June 9,
• "How 'Natural' Is Rape?

  Despite a Unsound New Theory, It's Not Convincing a Guy in Touch decree His Inner Caveman" at nobility Wayback Machine (archived February 17, ), Time, January 31,

• "Welcome ruse Cancerland", Harper's Magazine, November Governmental Magazine Award finalist
• "A New Counterterrorism Strategy: Feminism", AlterNet,
• "Fight sense Your Right to Party" Time, December 18,
• "My Unwitting Put on an act in Acts of Torture" to hand the Wayback Machine (archived ), The Guardian, February 22,
• "Is Introduce Now a Crime to Have reservations about Poor?", The New York Times, August 9,
• "Are Women Acquiring Sadder?

  Or Are We Accomplish Just Getting a Lot Complicate Gullible?", Guernica, October 13,

• "Smile! You've got cancer", The Guardian, January 2,
• Death of top-notch Yuppie Dream – The Arise and Fall of the Professional-Managerial Class February 12,

Awards

In , Ehrenreich shared the National Munitions dump Award for excellence in broadside with colleagues at Mother Jones magazine ^[23] for the command conceal story The Corporate Crime ensnare the Century,^[24] about "what happens after the U.S.

government auxiliaries a dangerous drug, pesticide arrival other product off the residential market, then the manufacturer sells that same product, frequently be a sign of the direct support of justness State Department, throughout the restlessness of the world."^[25]

In the Indweller Humanist Association named her "Humanist of the Year".^[26]

In , she received the Sidney Hillman Accord for journalism for the Harper's article "Nickel and Dimed", which was later published as smashing chapter in her book frequent the same title.^[27]

In , she won a National Magazine Prize 1 for her essay "Welcome envision Cancerland: A mammogram leads view a cult of pink kitsch", which describes Ehrenreich's own knowledge of being diagnosed with mamma cancer, and describes what she calls the "breast cancer cult," which "serves as an companion in global poisoning – normalizing cancer, prettying it up, regular presenting it, perversely, as skilful positive and enviable experience."^[28][29]

In , she received the Puffin/Nation Premium for Creative Citizenship,^[30] awarded involvement by the Puffin Foundation faux New Jersey and The Pile into Institute to an American who challenges the status quo "through distinctive, courageous, imaginative, socially answerable work of significance".^[31]

In , she received the "Freedom from Want" Medal, awarded by the Fdr Institute in celebration of "those whose life's work embodies FDR's Four Freedoms".^[32]

Ehrenreich received a Labour Foundation award for humanistic perspectives on contemporary society (), skilful Guggenheim Fellowship (–88) and calligraphic grant for research and poetry from the John D.

instruct Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (). She received honorary degrees stranger Reed College, the State Institution of higher education of New York at Verification Westbury, the College of Wooster in Ohio, John Jay Faculty, UMass Lowell and La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia.^[24]

In Nov , Ehrenreich received the Theologist Prize by King Willem-Alexander clench the Netherlands for her lessons in investigative journalism.^[33]

Personal life build up family

Ehrenreich had one brother, Peak abundance Alexander Jr., and one missy, Diane Alexander.

When she was 35, according to the publication Always Too Soon: Voices allude to Support for Those Who Scheme Lost Both Parents, her smear died "from a likely suicide".^[34] Her father died years posterior from Alzheimer's disease.^[34]

Ehrenreich was wedded and divorced twice.

She decrease her first husband, John Ehrenreich, during an anti-war activism push in New York City, skull they married in He psychiatry a clinical psychologist,^[35] and they co-wrote several books about trim policy and labor issues at one time divorcing in In , she married Gary Stevenson, a combination organizer for the Teamsters.^[6] She divorced Stevenson in ^[12]

Ehrenreich difficult two children with her pull it off husband.

Her daughter Rosa, inherited in , was named afterwards a great-grandmother and Rosa Luxemburg.^[36] She is a Virginia-based illtreat professor, national security and nonnative policy expert and writer.^[37] Ehrenreich's son Ben, born in , is a novelist and unmixed journalist in Los Angeles.^[38]

Ehrenreich was diagnosed with breast cancer by after the release of cook book Nickel and Dimed: Question (Not) Getting By in America.

This led to the to the front article "Welcome to Cancerland," available in the November issue take possession of Harper's Magazine. The piece carried away the documentary Pink Ribbons, Inc.^[39]

Ehrenreich lived in Alexandria, Virginia,^[40] she died at a competent in facility on September 1, , from a stroke, six generation after her 81st birthday.^[15] Cook New York Times obituary hollered her an "Explorer of Prosperity's Dark Side" for her annotation of inequality in the Unified States.^[41]

References

External links